中國專業(yè)當代藝術資訊平臺
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藝術家簡介


  辛迪•雪曼(Cindy Sherman;1954年1月19日-)是一位相當知名的美國女攝影師與藝術家,也是一位電影導演,出生于紐澤西州的Glen Ridge,以自己出演所有攝影作品中的主角為特點且聞名于世,她常被女性主義一起當作討論議題,但不自稱為女性主義者。雪曼目前居住在紐約市。

  雪曼在紐約的長島市漢廷頓鎮(zhèn)長大,并在水牛城州立學院上課,此校的對面即是賴特康斯藝廊,是美國現(xiàn)代藝術的一個重要藝廊之一,在當時就已展出許多歐洲、美國的現(xiàn)代藝術。雖然雪曼入學時主修的是繪畫,但她在學校中期與同學合創(chuàng)了一個藝術家小藝廊,稱為「廳墻」(Hallwalls)。在這個藝廊中雪曼第一次以概念藝術的角度,呈現(xiàn)了她對攝影的喜好和風格。

  雪曼擅長在一系列作品中以自己當作主角,化上如明星般的妝,并設計如戲劇般的場景和服裝來構圖,某些時候更刻意女扮男裝,企圖顛覆既有的女性或男性印象。她的作品經(jīng)常有著過度飽和的色彩,無意識的表情,以及濃妝和舞臺般的燈光。1977年到1980年的成名系列作品《Complete Untitled Film Stills》中,共有69張照片,都能很明顯的看出雪曼的風格,這些作品中雪曼扮演了B級電影女星或歐洲藝術電影女星等;此成名展在1997年由紐約現(xiàn)代藝術博物館重新展出,歌手瑪?shù)つ仁侨~贊助者。即使是近期2003年的作品,雪曼依然維持一貫的風格,將自己扮成丑角,拍出戲劇味濃厚的攝影作品。

爭議

  1989年,由于美國藝術基金會(常簡稱為NEA)裁減贊助金,和道德檢查攝影師羅柏•梅普索普(Robert Mapplethorpe)和安德斯•塞拉諾(Andres Serrano)的爭議作品,雪曼以《Sex》系列來表示她的聲援。這系列作品中,她并沒有出現(xiàn)在相片里,而是使用了不少的醫(yī)療人體模型,透過混亂的、令人不安的擺設來刺激《性》的照片拍攝道德邊界,達到嘲諷的效果。在1990年代,雪曼以性和暴力為主題,展出的《Untitled》,一樣也是讓世人驚駭?shù)拇碜鳌?br />
  不少女性主義的評論家,都認為她是杰出的當代女性藝術代表,每一件雪曼的作品似乎都尖銳的探討女性在社會中的角色,又似乎充滿了嘲諷或是悲哀的角度。但雪曼曾說自己并非女性主義者。亦有不少藝術評論家將雪曼列為現(xiàn)代藝術中最重要的女性攝影師之一,且認為她是20世紀后期最具影響力的成功藝術家之一。

電影

  雪曼在1997年拍過一部名為《辦公室殺手》的電影,她擔任電影導演,此片的演員有珍妮•翠柏虹(Jeanne Tripplehorn)、茉莉•林瓦德(Molly Ringwald)和卡洛爾•凱恩(Carol Kane)。1998年,她也曾在導演約翰•瓦特(John Waters)的電影《貝克》(Pecker)中客串演出。

 

年鑒


Cindy Sherman Biography 1954 Born in Glen Ridge New Jersey 1976 B.A. from State University College at Buffalo, New York Lives in New York City Awards and Grants: National Endowment for the Arts, 1977 John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Fellowship, 1983 Skowhegan Medal for Photography, Maine, 1989 Larry Aldrich Foundation Award, Connecticut, 1993 John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation, 1995 Wolfgang-Hahn-Preis (Gesellschaft fur Moderne Kunst am Museum Ludwig), 1997 Goslar Kaierring Prize, 1999 The Hasselblad Foundation, 2000 Selected Museum and Public Collections: Albright-Knox Art Gallery, Buffalo Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto Art Institute of Chicago Australian National Gallery, Canberra Baltimore Museum of Art Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, Madrid Corcoran Gallery of Art, Washington D.C. Dallas Museum of Fine Arts Des Moines Art Center Hamburger Bahnhof Museum fur Gegenwart, Berlin Israeli Museum, Jerusalem Kunsthaus, Zurich Kunsthalle Hamburg, Germany Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg, Germany Los Angeles County Museum of Art Louisiana Museum, Humlebaek, Denmark Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York Moderna Museet, Stockholm Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, Texas Musée d'art Contemporain, Montréal Museum Boymans-van Beuningen, Rotterdam Museum des 20, Jahrhunderts, Vienna Museum Folkwang, Essen, Germany Museum Ludwig, Cologne Museum of Art, Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago Museum of Contemporary Art, Helsinki Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art, Luxembourg Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Museum of Fine Arts, Houston Museum of Modern Art, New York Museum of Modern Art, Oslo New Britain Museum of American Art, New Britain, Conneticut Philadelphia Museum of Art Rijksmuseum Kroller-Muller, Otterlo, Holland San Francisco Museum of Modern Art Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York Sprengel Museum, Hannover St. Louis Art Museum Staatsgalerie Stuttgart, Germany Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam Tamayo Museum, Mexico City Tate Gallery, London Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography Victoria and Albert Museum, London Wadsworth Atheneum, Hartford Walker Art Center, Minneapolis Whitney Museum of American Art, New York Selected Exhibitions 2008 Second Thoughts, The Center for Curatorial Studies at Bard College, Annandale-on-Hudson, NY 2008 Body Work, Le Case d'Arte, Milan 2008 2041, Artnews Projects, Berlin 2007 Faces, Cook Fine Art, New York 2007 Imagination becomes Reality. Werke aus der Sammlung Goetz, ZKM, Karlsruhe 2007 Held together with Water. Kunst aus der Sammlung Verbund, Museum für Angewandte Kunst, Wien/Vienna 2007 What does the Jellyfish want?, Museum Ludwig K?ln/Cologne 2007 There is never a stop and never a finish, Hamburger Bahnhof, Berlin 2007 Foto.Kunst, Essl Museum, Klosterneuburg/Wien/Vienna, Austria 2007 All the more real: Portrayals of Intimacy and Empathy, Parrish Art Museum, Southampton, USA 2007 Traum und Trauma, Kunsthalle Wien/Vienna, Austria 2007 Into Me / Out of Me, Museo d’Arte contemporanea, Roma 2007 Eros in der Kunst der Moderne, BA-CA Kunstforum, Wien/Vienna, Austria 2007 Bus Riders, Barbara Krakow Gallery, Boston, USA, (solo) 2007 A Play of Selves, Galerie Monika Sprüth Philomene Magers, London, (solo) 2007 Retrospektive, Martin Gropius Bau, Berlin, (solo) 2006 - 2007 Retrospektive, Jeu de Paume, Paris, (solo) 2006 - 2007 Retrospektive, ; Kunsthaus Bregenz; Louisiana Museum of Modern Art, Humlebaek; Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin, (solo) 2006 A Play of Selves, Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 2006 Anos 80: Uma Topologia, Museu Serralves, Porto 2006 Das Achte Feld. Geschlechter, Leben und Begehren in der Kunst seit 1960, Museum Ludwig, K?ln/Cologne 2006 Surprise, Surprise, Institute of Contemporary Arts, London 2006 Eros in der Kunst der Moderne, Fondation Beyeler, Riehen/Basel, Schweiz 2006 The Other Side, Tony Shafrazi Gallery, New York 2006 Memento Mori, Mireille Mosler Ltd., New York 2006 Into Me / Out of Me, Kunstwerke Berlin 2005 Faites vos jeux! Kunst und Spiel seit Dada, Kunstmuseum Liechtenstein, Vaduz; Akademie der Künste, Berlin; Museum für Gegenwartskunst, Siegen 2005 Metro Pictures, New York 2005 Cindy Sherman, Galerie du Chateau d’Eau, Toulouse, (solo) 2005 Self Performance. Jürgen Klauke und Cindy Sherman, Neues Museum Weimar, (solo) 2004 The Unseen Cindy Sherman – Early Transformations 1975/1976, Montclair Art Museum, Montclair, New Jersey, (solo) 2004 Cindy Sherman. Clowns, Kestner Gesellschaft, Hannover, (solo) 2004 Cindy Sherman, Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 2004 Enthüllt. Das Aktbild in der Fotokunst des 20. Jahrhunderts, St?dtische Museen Heilbronn 2004 The Last Picture Show, Fotomuseum Winterthur 2004 Faces in the Crowd, Whitechapel Art Gallery, London 2004 Incantations, Metro Pictures, New York 2003 Cindy Sherman. Centerfolds, 1981, Skarstedt Fine Art, New York, (solo) 2003 Cindy Sherman, Serpentine Gallery, London; Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art, Edinburgh, (solo) 2002 Metro Pictures, New York 2001 Cindy Sherman: Early Works, Studio Guenzani, Milan, (solo) 2001 Cindy Sherman- Moment of Truth, Copenhagen Contemporary Art Center, Copenhagen, Denmark, (solo) 2000 Hasselblad Center, G?teborg, Schweden/Sweden, (solo) 2000 Gagosian Gallery, Los Angeles, (solo) 2000 Galería Juana de Aizpuru, Madrid, (solo) 2000 Greengrassi, London, (solo) 2000 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 2000 Let's Entertain, Walker Art Center, Minneapolis Centre Georges Pompidou, Paris 2000 Open Ends, Museum of Modern Art, New York 2000 Hyper Mental, Kunsthaus Zürich; Hamburger Kunsthalle 1999 Gesammelte Werke 1: Zeitgen?ssische Kunst seit 1968, Kunstmuseum, Wolfsburg 1999 Notorious, Museum of Modern Art, Oxford 1999 Monika Sprüth Galerie, K?ln/Cologne, (solo) 1999 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 1999 The American Century, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York 1999 Inverted Odysseys, Grey Art Gallery, New York 1999 The Century of the Body: Photoworks 1900-2000, Musée de l'Elysée, Lisbon 1999 Triennale Exhibition: Sentiment of the Year 2000, Triennale di Milano, Milan 1999 Regarding Beauty, Hirshhorn Museum, Washington, D.C. 1998 Mirror Images: Women, Surrealism and Self-Representation, MIT List Center, Cambridge, Massachussettes; Miami Art Museum; San Francisco Museum of Modern Art 1998 Allegories, Seattle Art Museum, Washington, (solo) 1998 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 1997 Cindy Sherman: The Complete Untitled Film Stills, Museum of Modern Art, New York, (solo) 1997 Cindy Sherman: A Selection From the Eli Broad Foundation’s Collection, Museo de Bellas, (solo) 1997 Artes, Caracas, Venezuela, (solo) 1997 Cindy Sherman: Retrospective, Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles; Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago; Galerie Rudolfinum, Prague; capc Musée, Bordeaux; Barbican Art Gallery, London; Museum of Contemporary Art, Sydney; Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto (1997-2000), (solo) 1997 Cindy Sherman, Museum Ludwig, K?ln/Cologne, (solo) 1997 Gender Performance in Photography, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York 1997 On the Edge: Contemporary Art from the Werner and Elaine Dannheisser Collection, The Museum of Modern Art, New York 1997 Von Beuys bis Cindy Sherman Sammlung Lothar Schirmer, Kunsthalle, Bremen 1996 L'Informe: le Modernisme a Rebours, Centre Georges Pompidou, Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris 1996 Cindy Museum Boymans-van Beuningen, Rotterdam; Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia, Madrid; Sala de Exposiciones REKALDE, Bilbao; Staatliche Kunsthalle, Baden-Baden, (solo) 1996 Cindy Sherman, Museum of Modern Art, Shiga, Japan; Marugame Genichiro-Inokuma Museum of Contemporary Art, Marugame, Japan; Museum of Contemporary Art, Tokyo Metamorphosis: Cindy Sherman Photographs, The Cleveland Museum of Art, Cleveland Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 1996 Hall of Mirrors: Art and Film Since 1945, The Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles; The Wexner Center for the Arts, Columbus, Ohio; Palazzo delle Esposizioni, Rome; The Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago 1996 Biennale di Firenze, Florence, Italy 1995 Ydessa Hendeles Art Foundation, Toronto 1995 1995 Biennial Exhibition, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York 1995 Zeichen & Wunder, Kunsthaus Zurich, Switzerland 1995 XLVI Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte 1995, La Biennale di Venezia, Venice 1995 FeminiMasculin: Le Sexe de l'Art?, Centre Georges Pompidou, Musée d'Art Moderne, Paris 1995 1995 Carnegie International The Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh 1995 Directions: Cindy Sherman-Film Hirshhorn Museum, Washington, D.C., (solo) 1995 Cindy Sherman Photographien 1975-1995, Deichtorhallen Hamburg; Malmo Kunsthall, Sweden; Kunstmuseum Luzern, Switzerland, (solo) 1995 Cindy Sherman, Museu de Arte Moderna de Sao Paulo, Brazil, (solo) 1995 Monika Sprüth Galerie, K?ln/Cologne, (solo) 1995 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 1994 Cindy Sherman, ACC Galerie Weimar, Germany, (solo) 1994 Cindy Sherman, Manchester City Art Gallery, (solo) 1994 Cindy Sherman, The Irish Museum of Modern Art, Dublin, (solo) 1994 World Morality, Kunsthalle, Basel 1994 Body and Soul, The Baltimore Museum of Art, Maryland 1994 Jurgen Klauke - Cindy Sherman, Sammlung Goetz, München/Munich 1993 Louise Lawler, Cindy Sherman, Laurie Simmons, Kunsternes Hus, Oslo; Museum of Contemporary Art, Helsinki 1993 1993 Biennial Exhibition, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York 1993 American Art of This Century, Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin; Royal Academy of Arts, London 1993 Tel Aviv Museum of Art, (solo) 1992 Museo de Monterrey, Mexico, (solo) 1992 Monika Sprüth Galerie, K?ln/Cologne, (solo) 1992 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 1992 Post Human, Musée d'Art Contemporain, Pully/Lausanne, Switzerland; Castello di Rivoli, 1992 Turin; Deste Foundation, Athens; Deichtorhallen, Hamburg; Israel Museum, Jerusalem 1991 1991 Biennial Exhibition, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York 1991 Metropolis, Martin-Gropius-Bau, Berlin 1991 Cindy Sherman, Basel Kunsthalle, Switzerland; Staatsgalerie Moderner Kunst, Munich; Th Whitechapel Gallery, London, (solo) 1991 Milwaukee Art Museum; Center for Fine Arts, Miami; The Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, (solo) 1990 Padiglione d'arte Contemporanea, Mailand/Milan, (solo) 1990 University Art Museum, University of California, Berkeley, (solo) 1990 Monika Sprüth Galerie, K?ln/Cologne, (solo) 1990 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 1990 Culture and Commentary, The Hirshhorn Museum, Washington, D.C. 1990 Energies, The Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam 1990 The Readymade Boomerang, Eighth Biennial of Sydney 1989 National Art Gallery, Wellington, New Zealand; Waikato Museum of Art and History, New Zealand, (solo) 1989 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 1989 A Forest of Signs: Art in the Crisis of Representation, The Museum of Contemporary Art,Los Angeles 1989 Bilderstreit, Messehallen, K?ln/Cologne 1989 Image World: Art and Media Whitney Museum of American Art, New York 1988 Monika Sprüth Galerie, K?ln/Cologne, (solo) 1987 Whitney Museum of American Art, New York; The Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston; The Dallas Museum of Art, (solo) 1987 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 1987 Avant-Garde in the Eighties, Los Angeles County Museum of Art 1987 Implosion: A Postmodern Perspective, Moderna Museet, Stockholm 1986 Art and Its Double: A New York Perspective, Fundacio Caixa de Pensions, Barcelona; La Caixa de Pensions, Madrid 1986 Individuals: A Selected History of Contemporary Art, 1945-1986, Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles 1986 The American Exhibition, The Art Institute of Chicago 1985 Westf?lischer Kunstverein, Münster, West Germany, (solo) 1985 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 1985 Carnegie International, Carnegie Museum of Art, Pittsburgh 1985 1985 Biennial Exhibition, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York (cat.) 1984 Alibis, Centre Pompidou, Musee d'Art Moderne, Paris (cat.) 1984 Content: A Contemporary Focus, 1974-84, Hirshhorn Museum, Washington D.C. (cat.) 1984 The Fifth Biennale of Sydney, Private Symbol: Social Metaphor, Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney (cat.) 1984 Cindy Sherman, Akron Art Museum; Institute of Contemporary Art, Philadelphia; Museum of Art, Carnegie, (solo) 1984 Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Des Moines Art Center; The Baltimore Museum of Art, (solo) 1984 Monika Sprüth Galerie, K?ln/Cologne, (solo) 1983 Musee d'Art et d'Industrie de Saint Etienne, France, (solo) 1983 The St. Louis Art Museum, Missouri, (solo) 1983 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 1983 Directions 1983, Hirshhorn Museum, Washington D.C. (cat.) 1983 1983 Biennial Exhibition, Whitney Museum of American Art, New York (cat.) 1983 The New Art, The Tate Gallery, London 1982 Documenta 7, Kassel, West Germany (cat.) 1982 Eight Artists: The Anxious Edge, Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota (cat.) 1982 Cindy Sherman, The Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam; Gewad, Ghent, Belgium; Watershe Gallery, Bristol, England; John Hansard Gallery, University of Southampton, England; Palais Stutterheim, Erlangen, West Germany; Haus am Waldsee, West Berlin; Centre d'Art Contemporain, Geneva; Sonja Henie-Niels Onstadt Foundation, Copenhagen; Louisiana Museum, Humlebaek, Denmark, (solo) 1982 Cindy Sherman, Deja Vu, Dijon, France, (solo) 1982 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) 1982 La Biennale di Benezia, Venice (cat.) 1980 Contemporary Arts Museum, Houston, (solo) 1980 Metro Pictures, New York, (solo) Literature 2007 “Cindy Sherman im Kunsthaus”, in: Kunst Bulletin, Nr.1/2, 2007, S. 68 2006 Almuth Spiegler, ”Die analytische Anziehpuppe. Eine Wander-Retrospektive zur amerikanischen 2006 Katrin Wittneven, ”Cindy Shermans Frauenrollen im Kunsthaus Bregenz”, monopol, Dezember 2006, S. 114 2006 “Ich war der Duft des Monats. Cindy Sherman stellt in Bregenz aus – und spricht über Sch?nheitswahn, Perversionen und Clowns”, Interview mit/with Eva Karcher, Süddeutsche Zeitung, Nr. 285, 11. Dezember 2006, S. 12 2006 “Seelische Abgründe. Maske und Fratze”, in: Annabelle, Dezember 2006, S. 50 2006 Anja L?sel, “Lust auf Schock und Grusel, in: Stern, Nr. 49/2006, S. 226-227 2001 Cheryl Caplan, “Cindy Sherman,” Tema Celeste, January–February, pp. 91 2001 Edward Leffingwell, “Cindy Sherman at Metro Pictures,” Art in America, June, pp. 126 2000 Cindy Sherman, ed. by Gunilla Knape, Hasselblad Center, Goteborg, Sweden 2000 David Pagel, "Sherman is the Very Picture of How Others Fall Short," Los Angeles Times, April 14, pp. F22 2000 Inverted Odysseys, Claude Calhoun, Maya Deren, Cindy Sherman, ed by Shelley Rice, Massachussetts Institute of Technology, Grey Art Gallery; New York University; Museuem of Contemporary Art, North Miami 2000 Calvin Tompkins, “Her Secret Identities,” The New Yorker, May, pp. 74-83 2000 Charles Gandee, “Women on the Verge,” Talk, May, pp. 46 2000 Early Work of Cindy Sherman, foreword by Edsel Williams, Glenn Horowitz Bookseller, New York 2000 éva Forgács, "Cindy Sherman," Art issues, September/ October, pp. 46 2000 Wayne Koestenbaum, “Fall Gals,” Artforum, September, pp. 148-51 (and cover) 2000 Vince Aletti, “The Lady Vanishes,” Village Voice, November 21, pp. 85 2000 Michael Kimmelman, “Cindy Sherman,” The New York Times, November 24, pp. E36 2000 Linda Yablonsky, “Vanity Fare,” Time Out New York, Nov 30-Dec 7, pp. 91 2000 Modern Contemporary: Art at MoMA Since 1980, Kirk Varnedoe, Paola Antonelli, Joshua Siegel (ed.), Museum of Modern Art, New York, pp. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 41, 230, 347 2000 Hyper Mental, Kunsthaus Zürich/ Hamburger Kunsthalle, Germany, pp. 101 1999 Peter Schjeldahl, "Valley of the Dolls," The New Yorker, June 7, pp. 94-5 1999 Lilly Wei, "Cindy Sherman: Metro Pictures," Artnews, September, pp. 147 1999 Brook S. Mason, "Sherman's March," Artnews, September, pp. 72 1999 Mark Van Proyen, "Cindy Sherman," New Art Observer, October, pp. 46 1999 Jutta Koether, "Old Witnesses," Camera Austria, #67, pp. 18-29 (and cover illustration) 1999 Barbara Pollack, "The 10 Best Living Artists: Self-Denial," Artnews, Dec., pp. 146 1999 Dave Hickey, "Best of the '90s," Artforum, December, pp. 112-3 1999 Janet Kraynak, "Cindy Sherman at Metro Pictures," Documents, Fall, pp. 54-8 1998 Claire Carolin, “Cindy Sherman: History Portraits,” Contemporary Visual Arts, issue 17, pp. 75 1998 R. Forgáes, “Cindy Sherman,” Art Issues, Jan/Feb, pp. 48 1998 Miranda Sawyer, "The Invisible Woman," The Observer (Life weekend segment), England, pp. 14-9 1998 “200 Women Legends, Leaders and Trailblazers,” Vanity Fair, Nov., pp. 250 1997 Phoebe Hoban, "Sherman's March," Vogue, February, pp. 240-3,278 1997 Noriko Fuku, "A Woman of Parts," Art in America, June, pp. 74-81, 125 1997 Herbert Muschamp,"Knowing Looks," Artforum, Summer, pp. 106-11 1997 Peter Plagens, "The Odd Allure of Movies Never Made," Newsweek, June 30, pp. 74-5 1997 Mark Stevens, "Performance Anxiety," New York, July 7, pp. 58-9 1997 Roberta Smith, "Film Starlet Clichés, Genuine and Artificial at the Same Time, The New York Times (Arts segment), June 27, pp. C23 1997 Cindy Sherman: Retrospective, essays by Amanda Cruz, Amelia Jones, Elizabeth A.T. Smith, Museum of Contemporary Art, Los Angeles; Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago 1997 Katharina Schmidt & Marc Scheps, Cindy Sherman, Museum Ludwig, Cologne 1997 Christopher Knight, "Camera Ready," Los Angeles Times, November 2, pp. 5, 92 1997 Roberta Smith, "A Horror Movie, Complete with Zombies," The New York Times, November 30, pp. 41 1997 Andrew Johnston, "Office Killer," Time Out, December 4-11, pp. 83 1997 John Anderson, "Office Killer Takes Aim at Horror Genre," The Los Angeles Times, December 5 1997 Cindy Sherman: A Selection From the Eli Broad Foundation’s Collection, essays by Frederica Palomero & Joanne Heyler, Museo de Bellas Artes, Caracas, Venezuela